Making Tax Digital for Income Tax — complete guide (2026)
Making Tax Digital (MTD) for Income Tax is HMRC’s most significant change to the UK tax system in a generation. From April 2026, sole traders and landlords with qualifying gross income above £50,000 must keep digital records and send quarterly updates to HMRC using approved software. This guide explains who is affected, when the mandate kicks in, and what you need to do to prepare.
Who qualifies — and what income counts
MTD for Income Tax applies to individuals who file a Self Assessment return and have qualifying income above the threshold. Qualifying income means gross trading income from self-employment plus gross rental income from UK property — before any expenses or allowances. PAYE employment income, dividends, and savings interest do not count towards the MTD threshold, even if they appear on your Self Assessment return.
The three-phase mandation timetable
HMRC is rolling out MTD for Income Tax in three phases. April 2026 brings in those with qualifying income above £50,000. April 2027 extends the mandate to those above £30,000. The April 2028 threshold of £20,000 is provisional and subject to final legislation — check gov.uk for the latest status.
What quarterly submissions involve
Each quarter, you must submit a summary of your business income and expenses to HMRC using MTD-compatible software. This is not a full tax calculation — it’s a summary, typically taking 10–30 minutes if your records are kept digitally. The software calculates an indicative tax position. At the end of the year, you submit an end-of-period statement (finalising each income source) and a final declaration (replacing the SA return), by 31 January.
This content is reviewed by Sarah Okafor (ICAEW ACA).