UK take-home pay explained — 2026/27 tax rates
Your take-home pay (net pay) is what remains after HMRC deducts Income Tax, National Insurance, and any other deductions from your gross salary. Understanding how these are calculated helps you plan salary negotiations, pension contributions, and year-end tax efficiency. This guide covers the 2026/27 rates for England, Wales, and Northern Ireland.
Income Tax bands 2026/27
Income Tax uses a progressive marginal system. The personal allowance (£12,570) is taxed at 0%. Earnings between £12,570 and £50,270 attract the basic rate of 20% — giving a maximum basic rate bill of £7,540. Between £50,270 and £125,140, the higher rate of 40% applies. Above £125,140, the additional rate of 45% applies and the personal allowance has been fully tapered away. Importantly, the rates only apply to the income within each band — not the whole salary.
National Insurance 2026/27
Employee National Insurance (Class 1) is calculated separately from Income Tax. The primary threshold is £12,570 (aligned with the personal allowance for 2026/27). Between the primary threshold and the upper earnings limit (£50,270), you pay 8%. Above the UEL, the rate drops to 2%. NI is not affected by pension contributions under relief-at-source, but salary sacrifice reduces NI for both employee and employer.
This content is reviewed by Richard Walsh (FCA IFA).